![]() ![]() Within two years the rebellion was extinguished and, with England pacified, Edward left to join the Ninth Crusade to the Holy Land in 1270. After the Battle of Lewes, Edward was held hostage by the rebellious barons, but escaped after a few months and defeated the baronial leader Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. After reconciliation with his father, he remained loyal throughout the subsequent armed conflict, known as the Second Barons' War. In 1259, he briefly sided with a baronial reform movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford. The eldest son of Henry III, Edward was involved from an early age in the political intrigues of his father's reign. Before his accession to the throne, he was commonly referred to as the Lord Edward. Concurrently, he was Lord of Ireland, and from 1254 to 1306, he ruled Gascony as Duke of Aquitaine in his capacity as a vassal of the French king. Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307.
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